Klebsiella pneumoniae is an encapsulated, Gram-negative non-motile bacterium of the enterobacterales family which typically colonizes the oropharynx and gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The classical form of Kp is mainly an opportunistic nosocomial/ICU pathogen that causes infections in immunocompromised or at-risk individuals with comorbidities. Common Kp-related infections include pneumonia, urinary tract infection (UTI), pneumonia, intraabdominal infection, bloodstream infection (BSI), and meningitis. A hypervirulent form (hvKp) is also capable of causing community-acquired infections, often in healthy individuals, with significant morbidity and mortality. In the developing world, Kp is the leading cause of neonatal sepsis being responsible for 124,000 deaths [89,000-167,000] in 2019 (1). Worldwide (all syndromes) Kp caused 790,000 deaths [571-1,060,000] in 2019 being the 4th leading single bacterial cause if Mycobacterium tuberculosis was excluded. Kp exhibit a high degree of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) with roughly a quarter, 192,590 [130,180 – 272,016] of all global attributable deaths caused by resistant forms, 2nd only to Escherichia coli (2). Carbapenem (CRE) and ESBL-producing Kp are considered a Priority 1, critical threat by the World Health Organisation (WHO) (3) and US Centers For Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
A prophylactic Klebsiella pneumoniae vaccine could prevent invasive disease in several vulnerable target populations both in Western developed countries and the developing world e.g., GAVI-assisted countries. Several approaches are ongoing in both preclinical and clinical development with the most advanced being the GSK/LimmaTECH Bio, Kleb4V (GSK4429016A), an O-antigen subunit-conjugate approach which recently completed a Phase 1/2 study [NCT04959344]. Other earlier potential approaches are being pursued by GSK/Affinivax, Syntiron, Vaxdyn, Tulane University, and Omniose.
This latest MarketVIEW product is a comprehensive vaccine opportunity assessment composed of an Executive Presentation (>225 slides, .pdf) and interactive MS-Excel forecast model (120 worksheets, .xls) which investigate the scenario-based uptake and commercial potential of Klebsiella pneumoniae vaccines across key target groups in 118 nations (public/private) worldwide including GAVI/developing world countries. A thorough review of the latest disease background/epidemiology/resistance trends data is presented along with a discussion of the latest understanding of vaccinology/R&D competitor landscape. The analysis contains an in-depth commercial assessment of potential Klebsiella pneumoniae vaccine profiles (TPPs) with discussion around target population rationale, potential uptake, multivalency, pricing, and clinical development feasibility/issues. It is an ideal guide for those wishes to understand more about this important AMR pathogen.
- GBD 2019 Antimicrobial Resistance Collaborators. Global mortality associated with 33 bacterial pathogens in 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. The Lancet November 21, 2022. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)02185-7
- Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation. Global Research on Antimicrobial Resistance, University of Washington. 2022. Available at: https://vizhub.healthdata.org/microbe/ Accessed December 2022
- World Health Organisation. February 27th 2017. WHO publishes list of bacteria for which new antibiotics are urgently needed. Available at: https://www.who.int/news/item/27-02-2017-who-publishes-list-of-bacteria-for-which-new-antibiotics-are-urgently-needed. Accessed December 2022
Picture Credit: Zach Wessels @unsplash
THE FULL PRODUCT IS A SUMMARY PRESENTATION (> slides, .pdf form) + MS-FORECAST MODEL (.xls)
VacZine Analytics® is a strategic research agency based in the United Kingdom since 2007. We aim to provide disease and commercial analysis for the vaccine industry and help build the case for developing new vaccines and biologics.
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